A second-degree burn occurs when both the first layer of skin and the second layer, known as the dermis, gets burned. Depending on the size and severity of the burn, it can be classified as either minor or major. If it is a minor burn, no outside medical treatment is necessary; major burns require immediate medical treatment.
Major Burn Characteristics
A minor second-degree burn is typically small in size--less than 3 inches in diameter--and is typically accompanied by small blisters and red, patchy areas. It is very painful and typically becomes swollen. A second-degree burn that is classified as major is usually larger than 3 inches in diameter and on the hands, feet, groin, buttocks, face or a major joint. If this describes your case, immediate medical attention needs to be sought.
Treatment
Large second-degree burns are considered major and require prompt medical treatment. The standard method of treating the burn before heading to the hospital is to soak the burn under cool water for about 10 minutes while doing everything you can to not pop any blisters that may have formed. Remove any clothing or jewelry that can come into contact with the burn. Cover the affected area with a loose sheet or large piece of gauze, making sure the wound can breathe. Once you arrive at the hospital, the doctor will assess the burn, clean it and, if necessary, administer antibiotics to prevent or treat infection. After being thoroughly cleaned and bandaged, typically with gauze that is dry and sterile, over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen can be used to control pain and swelling. If the burn is a chemical burn, antibiotics and IV fluids will be given, the latter of which is used to prevent dehydration. Before consulting a doctor, however, you will want to flush the affected area with large amounts of water.
Other Notes
While the aforementioned information is the standard method of treatment for major second-degree burns, the severity of the burn determines any additional treatment. Your doctor may prescribe painkillers or recommend a skin graft, wherein the area of burnt skin is replaced with an unaffected area elsewhere on your body. During treatment and recovery, special attention should be paid to the affected area as infection could still occur.
Tags: affected area, second-degree burn, affected area with, area with, immediate medical, medical treatment