Triatomines, more commonly known as kissing bugs, obtained their colloquial name because of the place where they most commonly bite their victims: close to the lips or mouth. These bugs are attracted to light, warmth (the bodies of humans or animals), skin odors and the carbon dioxide exhaled by humans. They will crawl on or next to your lips, will numb the area and will begin sucking blood. After satisfying their hunger, they will defecate on the wound, possibly leading to a very deadly disease known as Chagas disease.
Chagas Disease
Also known as American trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease is caused by a parasite that is acquired primarily through the feces of the kissing bug. In its beginning stages, Chagas disease will manifest itself with flu-like symptoms, and may progress to heart failure due to heart rhythm abnormalities or dilated heart. Although not a deadly disease in most developed countries, about 20 to 30 percent of infected individuals will develop debilitating and possibly life-threatening medical problems.
Allergic Reactions
Some individuals may be allergic to the salivary proteins injected by the bite of the kissing bug. The allergies may range from moderate to severe, depending on the individual's tolerance to these proteins. Reactions may include cutaneous, respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. In sensitized individuals, symptoms may be more severe and can lead to death. Sensitization may occur after receiving several bites. There is currently no immunotherapy available for sensitized individuals.
Geographic Locations
These bugs can be found primarily in parts of Mexico and Central and South America. However, there are also 12 different types of kissing bugs in the United States. Chagas disease is a major health concern in Central and South America, where 14,000 people die from it each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Avoiding the Kissing Bug
Proper maintenance of your living area is required to keep this bug away. Because these bugs feed after sunset, it is important to check inside your house during the evening. These bugs are semi-easy to spot since they are not small, measuring anywhere from 1 to 3 cm. Make sure there are no holes on your screens and that they fit snugly in your doors and windows. Also, check your bed for any signs of these bugs before going to sleep. Check to find not only the bugs, but their feces as well (which are small brown or black dots).
Tags: Chagas disease, Central South, Central South America, deadly disease, kissing bugs