Communication occurs on both a verbal and non-verbal level. The tone of your voice and facial expressions are just as important as the actual words. Alzheimer patients, as well as others with different types of memory impairment, can be sensitive to communications. The following are some general guidelines for communicating with a memory impaired person.
Instructions
Communicate Effectively With Memory Impaired Persons.
1. Speak slowly and simply. Use short sentences and words. Avoid the complex conversations or instructions. Use nouns and proper names frequently. Avoid using "he, she, it, those," etc. Cue the person with necessary information. Begin conversations (especially at night) by calling the person by name, touching them gently, and identifying yourself if needed.
2. Discuss only concrete actions or objects. The person cannot relate to concepts. Don't ask questions with multiple choices because this adds to confusion and stress. Try to ask questions that can be answered with a yes or no, or a gesture. Do not expect a quick response. Allow time for information to be processed. Wait silently for several minutes until they answer.
3. Use simple directions for tasks being done. Go one step at a time. If you must repeat a question, repeat it exactly. Do not re-phrase the sentence or use different words. Speak in a lower voice tone. Do not express excitement in your voice.
4. Maintain eye contact, sit or kneel if necessary. Don't tower over the person in bed or in a wheelchair. Repeat the person's last words to stimulate memory and assist them to continue their thoughts. If possible, correct any visual or hearing impairments the person may have. Reduce environmental noise, activity and distraction. Keep your face well lighted. Use gestures or other clues to aid your communication.
5. Look for reminiscence in the person's hallucinations, delusions, or fragmented conversation. Do not argue with or contradict the impaired person. Respond to feeling rather than fact. Do not assume the person lacks insight or does not understand. Do not speak in a negative manner in front of the person. Praise and reassure. There is a great loss of dignity and confidence as the person's knowledge and abilities deteriorate. If you are unable to "get through", try again later.
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