The Causes of Larynx Cancer
Cancer of the larynx is also called cancer of the voice box or throat cancer. The most common cause of this form of cancer is smoking. Heavy drinking can also lead to cancer of the larynx. Men are more likely to contract throat cancer than women, particularly men over 55.
The Facts
The larynx or voice box is a small organ at the front of the neck. It is about two inches wide. The larynx has two bands of muscles that form the vocal cords. This organ plays a role in talking, swallowing and breathing. Cancer of the larynx may begin in any part of the larynx. Most often it begins in the glottis, which is the middle portion of the larynx and where the voice box is contained. If the cancer spreads outside the larynx, it usually affects the lymph nodes of the neck, or other areas of the head and neck.
Risk Factors
People with certain risk factors have an increased likelihood of contracting cancer of the larynx. These risk factors include smoking and drinking, particularly when done together. This form of cancer usually occurs in men over the age of 55. African Americans are more likely than Caucasians to be diagnosed with laryngeal cancer. If you have a history of head and neck cancer, or if you have been exposed to sulfuric acid, asbestos or other chemicals on your job, your risk of cancer of the larynx increases.
Symptoms
Symptoms of throat cancer include hoarseness that doesn't resolve in a week or two, neck pain, difficulty swallowing and swelling in the neck. A cough may be present, or you may cough up blood. Unintentional weight loss or a persistent sore throat may also be signs of throat cancer.
Prognosis
Cancer of the larynx can be cured in 90% of patients if detected early. If the cancer spreads to other parts of the throat, it can be cured about 50% of the time. If it spreads to other areas of the body, it is not curable.
Treatment
Treatment of this type of cancer is aimed at removing the cancer and preventing it from spreading to other parts of the body. Surgery or radiation may be used to treat the tumor. If the tumor is large, radiation combined with chemotherapy may be recommended. In some cases, your doctor may opt for surgery. An artificial voice box may be implanted and you may need speech therapy to learn alternate methods of speaking.
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